Researchers have discovered traces of the bacterium Enterobacteri, which causes common cold infections and dozens of deadly human diseases.
Their work, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), highlights the marked differences between the bacteria that cause disease today and those that plagued ancient humans.
The research is based on studies of bacteria in European samples and foreign bacteria from Antwerp, Belgium.
The bacteria found in modern people typically found in the gut, which is not the case in the Middle East.
Bacteria that cause disease in the Middle East:
Enteronic Samyczak syndrome (ES) is a common cold and fever caused by the bacterium C.vaxa in humans and cattle.
According to the World Health Organization, one in two million children ages 3-9 have the classic disease which causes severe headache, fatigue, vomiting and diarrhoea.
Pregnancy or concern about developing the disease in pregnancy may be a contributory factor.
CSB is known to cause CST, a chronic inflammatory type of arthritis caused by the bacterium, as well as cardiac problems in heart diseases.
In 2013, a German researcher Ulrich Ochschneider discovered traces of a bacterium that is spread, and linked to human diseases and the bacterium Veillonella in Belgium.
“Bacterial contamination in animal meat products and travelers’ animals” is a leading cause of disease cases, two prominent Danish microbiologists said.
The bacteria found in humans is believed to be responsible for a wide variety of skin, oral and nasal infections.
In 2010, another bacterium was discovered in Vietnam – this one was found in sheep – and was implicated in a case of human leukaemia.
Records of cases and journeys between livestock and humans suggest that the disease affected people living in communicable farming places, with the virus causing faecal infections, diarrhea and similar symptoms.
In the case of poultry, two animal welfare organizations, Mercy for the Animals and Mercy for the Birds, have reported several cases of human leukaemia and the epidemiology of many instances of infections among people.
Studies have studied the genomes of bacterial strains that cause disease in more ancient populations.
The mitochondrial complex of the bacteria causing Clostridioides difficile infection (commonly known as ‘jelly disease’) is slightly different from that of the bacterium causing Sars patients, known as C. difficile.
Merkelbach microbiologists at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Genómico served by the Iexton Centre (CNA) for Infections and Immunity (CII) of the German Center for Infect Research (DZIL) have analysed more than 500 bacterial strains that are associated with exotic animals.
The scientists compared the results with samples of records of Sars and Middle East diseases, C. difficile infections and ancient Crohn’s disease.
They report evidence that the unique genome of C.difficile is substantially different from that of C.vaxa: nearly 100 times more mutations are discovered than in C.vaxa.
“The C.difficile bacteria that plagued Europe around the time of Sars and Shrin disease has been identified in animal blood samples, which were obtained from Jordan and Lebanon, respectively,” Claudia Lambert-Reichert from Cologne is lead author for the study.
“Similarly, a contemporary study has confirmed the genome of C.vaxa in British poultry, which has been found in human blood samples, which were taken from Jordan, Israel, and the European Union,” Lambert-Reichert explains.
Down the line, the approach to antibiotic resistance might have to change, says Claudia Lambert-Reichert, who argues that the success of drugs such as penicillin and penicamid – antibiotics that effectively kill many pathogenic bacteria within short periods of time – highlights the importance of entering into therapy with plants with the partners needed to successfully develop resistant bacteria.
